Bugs help predict water quality

Looking at bugs isn’t just for bug collectors — it can also reveal a lot about water quality.

Andrew Short, adjunct assistant professor of ecology and evolutionary biology, said insects could help scientists predict the quality of a water source, because different insects tolerated only very specific conditions.

“Essentially, if you know what kinds of things are living in a stream,” Short said, “you can get a good idea of the quality of the water from both a human and ecological perspective.”

photo

Andrew Short, University research scientist, will begin his position as Assistant Proffessor and Curator of Entomology this August. Short's primary area of research is aquatic beetles, displayed here in center drawer.

Short, who is also a research scientist at the Natural History Museum, will present the lecture “Behind the Waterfall: Insect Biodiversity in Latin American Streams,” at 7 tonight at the museum.

Short said he would discuss biodiversity surveys he had conducted in Latin American streams and rivers. The surveys assessed and monitored the water quality and examined the insects in those water sources. Short’s research uses a time-tested method for examining water quality.

The lecture will also feature a variety of dead insect specimens Short collected in Latin America. Of the bugs Short has collected, most are aquatic beetles, but he has also collected water scorpions, giant water bugs (Belostomatidae), true bugs (Hemiptera), dragonflies and Dobsonflies.

Zack Falin, entomology collection manager at the museum, said researchers had been examining insects in North America since the 1970s to better understand the quality of water.

“I wouldn’t call it cutting-edge blockbuster stuff,” Falin said, “but it’s very good, solid research.”

What: “Wild Science” Series of the Natural History Museum presents “Behind the Waterfall: Insect Biodiversity in Latin American Streams”

Who: Andrew Short, professor of ecology and evolutionary biology

When: 7 p.m.

Where: Natural History Museum

Cost: Free and open to the public

Because of gold-mining companies in Venezuela, Falin said, many water sources contained cyanide and other dangerous chemicals. Researchers correlate water pollution with species of insects and can determine how polluted a stream is by surveying the insects within. Researchers hope the local population can use the information in the future to determine what water is drinkable.

“People in Venezuela will benefit from being able to use this information to predict water quality,” Falin said.

Falin said Short’s research could eventually be expanded to more parts of Latin America and other nations to provide better water quality.

“Once you figure what’s going on in Venezuela,” Falin said, “you can move on to Columbia, Ecuador and other countries.”

Kelly Miller, assistant professor of biology and museum curator at the University of New Mexico, said he had worked closely with Short. Miller said the two received a four-year, $500,000 grant from the National Science Foundation to fund their research.

Miller said one of the most important pieces of his research was identifying new species and studying lesser-known aquatic species.

“There’s a lot of species that are known,” Miller said, “but we don’t know much about them.”

Short said he hoped to shed light on relatively-unknown areas of study.

“The most important and fundamental thing that people should come away with — we know so little,” Short said. “I hope to convince people that filling this knowledge gap is critical.”

Tonight’s lecture is part the museum’s monthly Wild Science series and is free and open to the public.

For more information on Short’s research, visit his Web site at www.hydrophiloidea.org/lab/index.html.

— — Edited by Brandy Entsminger

 

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